PRE2022 3 Group10

Lars van den Brom

Jochem Smit

Nanouk van Weerdenburg

Renske van Dijk

Bernard Korevaar

Brainstorm ideas

• kitchen assistant
  • Automatic stirring
  • Cutting robot
  • boterhammen smeren
  • automatische rasp  >lijkt misschien op een keukenmachine, maar ik bedoel meer citroen raspen, dat je alleen de buitenkant wil
• Human Robot Collaboration (HRC)
  • Gesture controlled robot
  • Speech controlled robot
  • Following robot

• Autonomous Motion Robots (AMRs)
  • PRE2022_1_Group1: Robot for warehouse
  • Some kind of problem the company Lowpad are dealing with
• Robot to open bottles with a twist cap
• Robot om flesjes met kroondop te openen
• Strijkrobot
• robot om kinderen les te geven, soort bijles ish
• robot om muren te verven
• Interactive educational robots
• AI-powered traffic flow management system
• Autonomous underwater vehicles for oceanic exploration and mapping

Planning

Week	Date start week	Deliverables	Responsible team members
1	6th of February	Brainstorm on objectives	Everyone
		Write down objectives	Bernard
		Work on planning and deliverables	Nanouk
		Look into state-of-the-art	Renske and Jochem
		Write about use	Lars
2	13th of February	Choosing robot	Everyone
		Research into state-of-the-art	Nanouk and Bernard
		Research into existing learning methods	Renske and Lars
		Updating planning	Nanouk
		Research into appearance	Jochem
		Update USE	Lars
3	27th of February	Get to know programming language of Pepper	Bernard, Jochem and Lars
		Continue literature studies	Renske and Nanouk
		Specify goals	Lars and Nanouk
4	6th of March	Start programming	Bernard, Jochem and Lars
		Finish literature studies	Renske and Nanouk
5	13th of March	Continue programming	Bernard, Jochem and Lars
		Describing tests, write down test protocol	Renske and Nanouk
6	20th of March	Testing	Everyone
		Start writing report	Renske and Nanouk
7	27th of March	Process results tests	Renske and Nanouk
		Improve program	Bernard, Jochem and Lars
		Continue writing final report	Renske and Nanouk
		Start making presentation	Renske and Nanouk
8	3th of April	Finish program	Everyone
		Finish final presentation	Everyone
		Finish writing final report	Everyone

Objective

The objective of our project design a robot that can help primary school children with learning. We will focus specifically on children in the fourth and fifth grade of primary school, age six to eight, and teaching basic arithmetic such as multiplication.

We will do a literature study to specify an effective learning method for arithmetic, to identify what assistance teachers need, and how children are best stimulated.

In the scope of this course it will not be realistic to design a fully function prototype. Therefore, we will use an off-the-shelf robot that only need to be programmed to test our findings.

Use

User

Our robot is designed to target the needs of elementary school students who are working on multiplications. The robot would use some sort of interactive and engaging method, like a game or quiz, to empower the motivation of the students. The robot would be easy to navigate and user-friendly to make sure the children can use it with ease.

Society

The robot has the potential to make a positive impact on society by improving the academic outcomes of elementary school. This would be done by proving and interactive and engaging way to learn multiplications, the robot would help with motivation and confidence of the children. Which would lead to an improved learning curve. Additionally by using the robot, the teacher would have more time to focus on other tasks, as helping students who need extra help, or the greater part of the class and let the excelling students use it to keep it challenging and motivating for them.

Enterprise

Investing in these robots could be a smart decision for schools and educational institutions. As the robot helps by providing an innovative and effective tool for teaching, the robot can help both improve the quality of education and support the development of future generations. The robot's user-friendly design and advanced technology also make it an attractive and marketable product for businesses in the educational technology industry. As the use of technology in education continues to grow, our robot could represents a valuable opportunity for growth and expansion of this industry.

State-of-the-art

Figure 1, The Dash Robot

There are already some robot technologies that are used in the classroom in elementary schools. For example the Dash Robot , that looks really appealing for children and they can engage with it. With the Dash Robot children get experiences with coding, for example by drag-and-dropping blocks. The Ozobot Evo is quite similar, it can also be used for block coding. And its sensors detect color codes and react to them. Another example of a robot that can be used to learn children code is the Finch 2.0 robot. All these robots are made to help children learn coding at elementary school. However, we are thinking of a robot that can help with tutoring mathematics.

The Ozobot Evo

There are also done studies with robotic tutors, like MONICA (https://blog.frontiersin.org/2016/11/04/robotic-tutors-for-primary-school-children/). It was tested whether the robot could detect emotional states from children, and the children liked working with the robot, but it is not developed well enough yet that such a robot could replace the teacher.

The ROYBI robot is also a robot (https://roybirobot.com/) that can teach children languages and other languages. It can improve a child's learning from the age of 3 and onwards.

At this moment, there are not yet robots that completely take over the roles of teachers.

Finch 2.0 robot

nice websites:

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frobt.2022.875704/full

https://www.durangoherald.com/articles/florida-mesa-elementary-school-welcomes-misty-the-robot/

https://bradley.usd207.org/apps/pages/index.jsp?uREC_ID=300246&type=d&pREC_ID=693825

https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-38758980

https://www.durangoherald.com/articles/florida-mesa-elementary-school-welcomes-misty-the-robot/

How do children learn multiplication sums?

https://wijzeroverdebasisschool.nl/uitleg/tafels-oefenen

kind leert groepjes te maken van voorwerpen en die bij elkaar optellen, eerst nog los alles tellen en daarna inzien dat het makkelijker kan, herhaald optellen omdat je groepjes hebt.

rechthoekmodel > plantjes in een rechthoekige bak, 3 rijen van 5 plantjes

groepjesmodel > maak groepjes van 5 en kijk hoeveel groepjes je hebt

lijnmodel > sprongen op een tijdlijn, zie je duidelijk het herhaald optellen

3 dozen met sinaasappels, alleen in de bovenste kun je tellen dat er 6 sinaasappels in zitten, dus je moet zelf bedenken 6 + 6 + 6

omkeerstrategie > (8x4 = 4x8)

verdubbelen (3 x 4 = 12 dus 6 x 4 = 24, het dubbele van 12)

halveren (10 x 4= 40, 5 x 4 = 20, de helft van 40)

1x meer of minder

eerst tafels 0 en 1, daarna 2 (alle even getallen, bv schoenparen tellen) en 10

daarna 5 (handen gebruiken met 5 vingers)

daarna 3 en 4

dan 6 tot 9, is voor veel leerlingen echt lastiger

handige spelletjes die al bestaan > addit rekenspel, formula, toverstapels

laat zien welke sommen ze wel allemaal al weten, dat is al best veel wss, dat motiveert om de paar lastige die over zijn ook te leren

meest efficiënt blijkt mondeling oefenen, dus rijtjes opzeggen

liedjes?

flitskaartjes met de robot?

soort bingo

domino

herhalen is keyyyy

met grote keersommen zoals 14x6, splitsen in 10x6 en 4x6

Previous related projects

These are some previous projects related to our project. The texts state the useful aspects of the mentioned project for our project.

Studdy Buddy https://cstwiki.wtb.tue.nl/wiki/PRE2019_3_Group8

Study Buddy is a robot designed to help 'feeble-minded' children in elementary school understand the material taught in class better.

This project is quite similar to our project, since they also use robots to (help) teach young children.

Notable subjects in their report are the consideration of some robots, with a description of its features, pros and cons. Also how the robots would fit their project and which robot would fit best is discussed.

After that the project discusses the importance of likability and reliability of the robots. It states having trustworthy behavior and a reliable appearance are key for the children to be able to form an emotional bond with the robot and let it help them learn.

Then the project proceeds to show a questionnaire where, from 4 robots, the likability and the reliability are asked.

Then the project proceeds to talk about gamification and how it can improve the learning platform and motivate the children. Rankings in the game are also discussed but are not used since they state: “In our situation, we should avoid rankings and leader boards in game inspired design, as not all children thrive on competition.”

After that the project proceeds with an interview of elementary school teachers. In this part the main findings are summarized. For example that gamification is already used on an interactive whiteboard, and that teachers already spread their attention more to children which have problems learning, and that a robot which would personalize education would be welcomed.

Then the project shows a persona of the sort of child they want to help, and explain the concept in detail.

The project also displays a scenario of a child using the robot, and shows a state diagram explicitly showing the interaction of the robot.

Then, what the impact of the Study Buddy on children is and how it can be maximized is discussed. The impact on teachers is also discussed.

Finally the state of the art and conclusion end the wiki.

Adaptive learning software for mathematics https://cstwiki.wtb.tue.nl/wiki/PRE2019_1_Group3

The general focus of this project is to teach math, but harder mathematics than simple multiplication. It also strives to be adaptive, while our project uses a robot. Thus it is quite different to our project. The state of the art is very extensive but focusses mostly on artificial intelligence in education.

It does mention some existing online mathematics learning platforms, which could be useful for our project. It could also be useful to read the ‘question-type and implementation’ part to see a short description of the implementation of some questions.

How their program is build is described in the technical aspects. There, the layout, modules and technical details are described.

Robot that assist kindergarten teachers https://cstwiki.wtb.tue.nl/wiki/PRE2018_4_Group4

This project is about reducing the stress/workload of kindergarten teachers using robots.

The project stated 6 hypothesis about Emotion recognition, physical exercise, learning by quiz game, storytelling by robots, touching the robot and effectiveness of robots in education.

There also is an interview of some kindergarten teachers.

There is a description of the NAO robot, which shows and describes the parts and how it moves.

Then they wrote a small simulation about how the robot would function.

Teach children programming https://cstwiki.wtb.tue.nl/wiki/PRE2018_3_Group10

This project is about teaching primary school children programming using robots.

The project showed a questionnaire partly about what the appearance of the robot should be.

Then they described the design, components of the robot and some of the technical functionalities.

How they want to teach programming is then described, showing the game they want the children to play with a picture, some explanations and a storyboard.

Some possibly useful documents about robots in class are displayed in the state of the art section.

After that a description of the hardware and a picture of the chassis with electronics is presented. Its software, thus the code of setup and execution are also described.

In this project, an actual robot is designed and a prototype is made. A few pictures are displayed.